Cherry Ames, War Nurse
Fiction Meets Reality, page 9
In this section
Related Books and Movies
Nurses were featured as fictional heroines in a variety of books and movies during World War II, and many nonfiction books and articles have been written about their service, ranging from memoirs of individual nurses to scholarly accounts. This section offers brief descriptions of some of this material.
Series Books
Several other nurse series were written during the war years, but most did not long survive the end of World War II, as the Cherry Ames series did. They include:
- Ann Bartlett, by Martha Johnson
- Gail Gardner, by Margaret Sutton
- Nancy Naylor, by Elisabeth Lansing
- Nurse Blake, by William Starret
- Penny Marsh, by Dorothy Deming
- Susan Merton, by Louise Logan
Other Fiction
Some individual titles that featured nurses on both the homefront and the war front during World War II include:
 Anderson, Betty Baxter. Ann Porter, Nurse. New York: Cupples & Leon, 1942.
Money and privilege just aren't enough for Ann Porter, especially in wartime. To overcome her feelings of uselessness and frivolity and find a sense of fulfillment that has been missing in her life, Ann Porter, a wealthy and pampered young girl, endeavors to conceal her upper-crust, society-deb background as she quietly begins to study nursing, setting her sights on eventually enlisting in the Army Nurse Corps.
 Franklin, Frieda K. Road Inland. New York: Crowell, 1956.
(1957 paperback reissue from Pocket Books retitled Combat Nurse.) Nurse Lee Caine is an integral part of a combat surgery team working with the advance platoon of a field hospital in Europe, tending the wounded soldiers of an infantry division that is slogging toward Germany, while her husband is fighting in the Pacific theater.
Gaddis, Peggy. Cadet Nurse. New York: Arcadia House, 1945.
When the boy she expects to marry--despite his mother's objections--enlists in the army with the flying corps, eighteen-year-old Mona Lochran, newly graduated from high school, decides to apply for nurse's training with the Cadet Nurse Corps at a big-city hospital.
 Hancock, Lucy Agnes. Student Nurse. Philadelphia: Triangle, 1944.
At home on vacation from nursing school, young Gail Weston finds herself torn between her affection for her childhood sweetheart, whose manufacturing plant may have become the target of World War II saboteurs, and her interest in a hospital doctor who has come to visit.
Johnson, Martha. Kate Russell: Wartime Nurse. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co.
After volunteering as a Red Cross nurse and performing heroically during a flood, hospital nurse Kate Russell travels from New York to England, where she serve as a war nurse. Martha Johnson is a pen name of Elisabeth Lansing, who also wrote the Ann Bartlett series (as Martha Johnson) and the Nancy Naylor series (as Elisabeth Lansing).
 Radford, Ruby Lorraine. Nancy Dale, Army Nurse. Racine, Wisc.: Whitman, 1944.
While she is undergoing army training, young Nancy Dale begins to suspect that a fellow nurse is a pawn for German spies and saboteurs; later, when she is stationed in the Pacific, Nancy desperately seeks information about her missing-in-action brother and survives a harrowing experience when her ship is torpedoed and she is adrift in a lifeboat. This book is part of the Fighters for Freedom series, which included two other titles that depicted women in the military: Sally Scott of the WAVES and Norma Kent of the WACS, both written by Roy J. Snell, 1943.
 Taber, Gladys. Nurse in Blue. Philadelphia: Triangle, 1943.
During World War II, young nurse Janet Alden journeys from her home in Wisconsin to New York City to join the navy, despite the opposition of her childhood sweetheart. On the way, she meets a dashing young navy ensign. Her attraction to him, and her growing involvement in her challenging work as a navy nurse, force Janet to face the truth about what she really wants from life.
Nonfiction
Some nonfiction books and articles about the contribution of nurses during World War II include:
Anderson, Madelyn Klein. So Proudly They Served: American Military Women in World War II. Scholastic Library Publishing, 1995. [Available at Amazon.com]
 Archard, Theresa. G.I. Nightingale: The Story of an American Army Nurse. New York: Norton, 1945.
Captain Theresa Archard's contemporary personal account of her eighteen months of service overseas with the Army Nurse Corps, from Pearl Harbor to North Africa and the Mediterranean campaign, sharing the hazards and hardships of the soldiers at the battle front.
Army and Navy Nurses in World War II. New York: Military Nurse Publishing Company, 1945.
Aynes, Edith A. From Nightingale to Eagle: An Army Nurse's History. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1973. [Available at Amazon.com]
Barger, Judith. "Coping Behaviors of U.S. Army Flight Nurses in World War II: An Oral History." Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 62, no. 2 (1991): 153-57.
Study of how U.S. flight nurses coped with their wartime military service, based on the oral recollections and experiences of twenty-five World War II flight nurses.
Barger, Judith. The History of Flight Nursing in the U.S. Army Air Forces During World War II. Master's thesis, Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., 1977.
Historical study of the flight nurse program, recounting the participation of flight nurses in air evacuation missions during World War II.
Bellafaire, Judith A. Army Nurse Corps: A Commemoration of World War II Service. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, 1994. CMH Pub. 72-14.
A 32-page illustrated pamphlet that can be read online.
Berendsen, Dorothy M. The Way It Was: An Air Force Nurse's Story. New York: Carlton Press, 1988.
Bianchi, Linda Noreen. U.S. Army Nurses in the China-Burma-India Theater of World War II, 1942-1945. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1990.
Study exploring the living, working, social, and administrative conditions faced by army nurses, including their reactions to unfamiliar tropical diseases; their relationships with commanding officers and chief nurses; and their off-duty activities.
 Blassingame,Wyatt. Combat Nurses of World War II. New York: Random House, 1967.
Accounts of the experiences of army and navy nurses, for a juvenile audience. Included are stories of flight nurses, hospital ship nurses, ground nurses, and nurses who were prisoners of war, in both the European and Pacific theaters. Part of the Landmark Books series.
Bolton, Angela. The Maturing Sun: An Army Nurse in India, 1942-45. London: Imperial War Museum, 1986.
Experiences of a British army nurse. [Available at Amazon.com]
Bruggemann, D. W. "U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps, 1943-1948, the Nebraska Experience." Nebraska Nurse 26, no. 4 (November 1993): 22.
Buchanan, Margaret S. Reminiscing: An Account of the 300th Army General Hospital in WWII. Dickson, Tenn.: 1988.
Camp, Lavonne Telshaw. Lingering Fever: A World War II Nurse's Memoir. McFarland & Company, 1997.
Memoirs of a nurse who served in China during the war. [Available at Amazon.com]
Clarke, Alice R. "Army Nurse Returns to the Philippines." American Journal of Nursing 45 (May 1945): 342-45.
Cook, Isabelle. In Times of War: Memoirs of a World War II Nurse. Ivy Publishing, 1999.
Cooper, Page. Navy Nurse. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1946.
Coressel, Shirley. The Duration and Six Months: Letters of a World War II Army Nurse. 1stBooks Library, 2002. [Available at Amazon.com]
Cox, Frank. "Angel of Bataan." Soldiers (September 1989): 45-48.
About Army nurse Hattie Brantley, who was captured on Corregidor and imprisoned at Santo Tomas.
Cox, Mary. British Women at War. London: 1941.
Includes a chapter on British nurses during World War II.
Danner, Dorothy Still. What a Way to Spend a War: Navy Nurse POWs in the Philippines. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1995.
Dorothy Still was captured by the Japanese in May 1943 and sent to the Los Banos prison camp, with other nurses and male POWs; the camp was liberated in February 1945. [Available at Amazon.com]
Davis, D. S. "I Nursed at Santo Tomas, Manila." American Journal of Nursing 44 (1944): 29-30.
Desmaris, Mary Virginia. "Navy Nursing on D-Day Plus Four." American Journal of Nursing 45 (January 1945): 12.
DeWitt, Gill. First Flight Nurses on a Pacific Battlefield. Fredericksburg, Texas: Admiral Nimitz Foundation, 1983. [Available at Amazon.com]
Fagan, Michele. "Time of Empowerment and Transition: Memphis Nurses During World War II." Tennessee Historical Quarterly 53 (Fall 1994): 180-93.
Feller, Carolyn M., and Constance J. Moore, eds. Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps. University Press of the Pacific, 2001. [Available at Amazon.com]
 Fessler, Diane Burke, ed. No Time for Fear: Voices of American Military Nurses in World War II. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1996.
An oral history collection of the reminiscences more than a hundred army and navy nurses who saw military service in World War II. The nurses describe their experiences in England, France, China, Burma, Russia, North Africa--every theater of operations--and their memories of events ranging from Pearl Harbor to D-Day to the Battle of the Bulge and V-E Day. [Available at Amazon.com]
 Flikke, Julia O. Nurses in Action: The Story of the Army Nurse Corps. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1943.
History and development of the Army Nurse Corps, including extensive information about military customs and procedures, army life, training, and wartime service, from Colonel Julia Flikke, who served as Superintendent of the ANC.
Forrest, Nola. "Army Nurses at Leyte." American Journal of Nursing 45 (January 1945): 44.
Gaskins, Susanne Teepe. G.I. Nurses at War: Gender and Professionalization in the Army Nurse Corps During World War II. Doctoral dissertation, University of California at Riverside, 1994.
Gruhzit-Hoyt, Olga. They Also Served: American Women in World War II. Birch Lane Press, 1995.
Offers brief sketches of the various organizations in which women served, including the nursing services. [Available at Amazon.com]
 Haskell, Ruth G. Helmets and Lipstick: A Nurse Under Fire. Arcadia Lodge Press, 1944.
Memoirs of an army nurse who served in the European theater and cared for survivors of the Nazi death camp at Ravensbruck.
Herman, Jan K. "Dorothy Still Danner: Reminiscences of a Nurse POW." Navy Medicine 83, no. 3 (1992): 36-40.
Dorothy Still Danner, the subject of this article, in 1995 wrote What a Way to Spend a War: Navy Nurse POWs in the Philippines.
Holm, Jeanne M. In Defense of a Nation: Servicewomen in World War II. Washington, D.C.: Military Women's Press, 1998. [Available at Amazon.com]
Hunter, F. E. "Army Nurses Did Superb Work." Trained Nurse and Hospital Review 116 (1946): 264.
Jackson, Kathi. They Called Them Angels: American Military Nurses of World War II. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2000.
Accounts from some of the military nurses who served at home and abroad during World War II. [Available at Amazon.com]
Jacobson, Eve. For the Duration. Pentland Press, 1996.
Memoirs of a British Red Cross nurse who served in England and India during World War II. [Available at Amazon.com]
Jeffrey, Betty. White Coolies: Australian Nurses Behind Enemy Lines. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1954.
Personal account of an Australian nurse who was a Japanese POW. [Available at Amazon.com]
Jopling, Lucy Wilson. Warrior in White. San Antonio, Texas: 1990.
Kalisch, Beatrice J., and Philip A. Kalisch. "Cadet Nurse: The Girl with a Future." Nursing Outlook 21, no. 7 (July 1973): 444-49.
Kalisch, Beatrice J., and Philip A. Kalisch. "Nurses in American History: The Cadet Nurse Corps in World War II." American Journal of Nursing 76, no. 2 (February 1976): 240-42.
Kalisch, Philip A., and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nurses Under Fire: The World War II Experience of Nurses on Bataan and Corregidor." Nursing Research 25, no. 2 (November-December 1976): 401-29.
Kalisch, Philip A., and Margaret Scobey. "Female Nurses in American Wars: Helplessness Suspended for the Duration." Armed Forces and Society (Winter 1983): 215-55.
Kaminski, Theresa. Prisoners in Paradise: American Women in the Wartime South Pacific. University Press of Kansas, 2000.
About the experiences of civilian and military American women, including nurses, imprisoned by the Japanese in the Philippines during World War II. [Available at Amazon.com]
Kenny, Catherine. Captives: Australian Army Nurses in Japanese Prison Camps. Queensland, Australia: University of Queensland Press, 1987. [Available at Amazon.com]
Kielar, Eugenia M. Thank You, Uncle Sam: Letters of a World War II Army Nurse from North Africa and Italy. Bryn Mawr, Pa.: Dorrance, 1987. [Available at Amazon.com]
Korson, George. At His Side. 1945.
Covers the work of the American Red Cross during the war.
 Kuhn, Betsy. Angels of Mercy: The Army Nurses of World War II. New York: Atheneum, 1999.
Informative young adult book about army nurses, heavily illustrated with photographs, both from official archives and from individual nurses who were interviewed. The book offers a good overview of the military service of nurses in both the European and Pacific theaters. [Available at Amazon.com]
Lane, Larry. "Nurses in Combat Boots." Soldiers (May 1992): 33-36.
Lazaro, A. R. "The Role of the Flight Nurse in Air Evacuation." Military Surgeon 105 (1949): 60.
Leone, L. P. "The U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps." Imprint, Journal of the National Student Nurses Association 23, no. 1 (February 1976): 20-22.
Leone, L. P. "The U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps: Nursing's Answer to World War II Demands." Imprint, Journal of the National Student Nurses Association 34, no. 5 (February-March 1987): 46-48.
Lewis, Brenda Ralph. Women at War: The Women in World War II, at Home, at Work, on the Front Line. Readers Digest, 2002. [Available at Amazon.com]
Litoff, Judy Barrett, and David C. Smith, eds. We're in This War, Too: World War II Letters from American Women in Uniform. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. [Available at Amazon.com]
Litoff, Judy Barrett, and David C. Smith, eds. Since You Went Away: World War II Letters from American Women on the Home Front. University Press of Kansas, 1995. [Available at Amazon.com]
Litoff, Judy Barrett, and David C. Smith, eds. American Women in a World at War: Contemporary Accounts from World War II. Scholarly Resources, 1996. [Available at Amazon.com]
Lucas, Celia. Prisoners of Santo Tomas: A True Account of Women POWs Under Japanese Control. Combined Books, 1997. [Available at Amazon.com]
Lutz, Alma, ed. With Love, Jane. New York: John Day, 1945.
MacDonald, Florence. "Nursing the Sick and Wounded at Bataan and Corregidor." Hospitals 16 (December 1942): 31-33.
Mangerich, Agnes Jensen; Evelyn Monahan; and Rosemary L. Neidel. Albanian Escape: The True Story of U.S. Army Nurses Behind Enemy Lines. University Press of Kentucky, 1999.
About a group of Army flight nurses who crash-landed in Albania in World War II. [Available at Amazon.com]
Manning, Michele. "Angels of Mercy: The Army Nurse Corps on Bataan and Corregidor." Parameters (Spring 1992): 86-100.
Matthews, Merdith M. Mother Wore Combat Boots and Chased Troop Trains: A Young Woman's Adventure Story as an Army Nurse in World War II. Grapevine Press, 1998. [Available at Amazon.com]
 McBryde, Brenda. Quiet Heroines: Nurses of the Second World War. London: Chatto & Windus, 1985.
About British nurses.
Monahan, Evelyn M., and Rosemary Neidel-Greenlee. All This Hell: U.S. Nurses Imprisoned by the Japanese. University Press of Kentucky, 2000.
Describes the plight of nurses stationed in the South Pacific who were interned by the Japanese, drawing on oral histories and published accounts. [Available at Amazon.com]
Monahan, Evelyn M., and Rosemary Neidel-Greenlee. And If I Perish: Frontline U.S. Army Nurses in World War II. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003. [Available at Amazon.com]
Moseley, Esther Baer. Lady Don't Stop Here: The True Story of a Young Woman's Adventures as an Air Evacuation Nurse in the Army Air Corps of WWII. Peachtree City, Ga.: 1988.
Murphy, Frances. Desert, Bamboo, and Barbed Wire: The 1939-45 Story of a Special Detachment of Australian Army Nursing Sisters, Fondly Known as the "Angels in Grey," and Their Fate in War and Captivity. [Available at Amazon.com]
Newcomb, Ellsworth. Brave Nurse: True Stories of Heroism. New York: Junior Literary Guild and D. Appleton-Century, 1945.
Fascinating young adult book, consisting of stirring individual accounts of dedicated nurses on every battlefront who were decorated for their heroism during World War II. Chapters highlight the bravery of nurses who served at Pearl Harbor, Bataan, Guadalcanal, and Anzio (where two were killed during enemy shelling), and in Iceland, North Africa, and France after D-Day--whether on hospital ships, as flight nurses, or in makeshift hospitals.Though the book concentrates on U.S. military nurses, one chapter deals with nurses from other lands.
 Norman, Elizabeth M. We Band of Angels: The Untold Story of American Nurses Trapped on Bataan by the Japanese. New York: Random House, 1999.
Engrossing account of the heroic nurses who served at Bataan and Corregidor during the Japanese attack and defeat of American forces in the Philippines. They were the only group of American women captured by the Japanese, and were sent to an internment camp, where they spent three years before they were liberated. [Available at Amazon.com]
Norman, Elizabeth M., and Sharon Eifried. "The Angels of Bataan." Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship 25, no. 2 (1993): 121-26.
Norman, Elizabeth M., and Sharon Eifried. "How Did They All Survive? An Analysis of American Nurses' Experiences in Japanese Prisoner-of-War Camps." Nursing History Review 3 (1995): 105-27.
Norwalk, Rosemary. Dearest Ones: A True World War II Love Story. John Wiley and Sons, 1999.
Memoir of an American Red Cross volunteer's wartime service in England, based on her letters and journals. [Available at Amazon.com]
Parry, Sally E. "'You Are Needed, Desperately Needed': Cherry Ames in World War II." In Nancy Drew and Company: Culture, Gender, and Girls' Series, edited by Sherrie A. Inness, Bowling Green, Ohio: Popular Press, 1997.
Cherry Ames's service in World War II is compared with depictions of nurses in movies of the same period and experiences of real-life combat nurses. [Available at Amazon.com]
Paxton, Vincoe. "With Field Hospital Nurses in Germany." American Journal of Nursing 45 (February 1945): 131-33.
Peto, Marjorie. Women Were Not Expected: An Informal Story of the Nurses of 2nd General Hospital in the ETO. West Englewood, N.J.: Author, 1947.
Petry, Lucile. "U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps." American Journal of Nursing 43 (August 1943): 704-08.
Ratledge, Abbie C. Angels in Khaki. Naylor, 1975.
Memoirs of an American army nurse who served in the Pacific in World War II. [Available at Amazon.com]
Redmond, Juanita. I Served on Bataan. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1943.
Juanita Redmond was an army nurse who served on Bataan and Corregidor. She helped establish the army's flight nurse program. [Available at Amazon.com]
Robinson, Thelma M., and Paulie M. Perry. Cadet Nurse Stories: The Call for and Response of Women During World War II. Center Nursing Publishing, 2001. [Available at Amazon.com]
Rosenbaum, M. B. "A Navy Nurse Remembers." Navy Medicine 72, no. 6 (1981): 22-25.
Rudin, E. "Memories of a World War II POW Nurse." Navy Medicine 73 (1982): 15-20.
Russell, Maxine K. Jungle Angel: Bataan Remembered. Brainerd, Minn.: 1988.
Army nurse Hortense E. McCay's experiences on Bataan.
Sarnecky, Mary T. "A History of Volunteerism and Patriotism in the Army Nurse Corps." Military Medicine 154, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 358.
Secor, J. "An Army Nurse (World War II). Parts I-IV." Connecticut Nursing News 58, nos. 5-8 (May-August 1985).
Shields, Elizabeth A. Highlights in the History of the Army Nurse Corps. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, 1981. CMH Pub. 85-001.
Skinner, R. E. "The U.S. Flight Nurse: An Annotated Historical Bibliography." Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 52, no. 11 (1981): 707-12.<
Skinner, R. E. "The U.S. Flight Nurse: A Supplementary Bibliography." Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 54, no. 8 (1983): 735-37.
Steppe, Hilde. "Nursing in the Third Reich." History of Nursing Society Journal 3, no. 4 (1991): 21-37.
Sterner, Doris M. In and Out of Harm's Way: A Navy Nurse Corps History. Texas Tech University Press, 1998.
Definitive history of the Navy Nurse Corps by a retired navy nurse. [Available at Amazon.com]
 Tayloe, Roberta Love. Combat Nurse: A Journal of World War II. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Fithian Press, 1988.
Book compiled from the letters that army nurse Roberta Love Tayloe wrote to her mother during the war, while she was on active duty in North Africa and Italy, serving with the Ninth Evacuation Hospital. [Available at Amazon.com]
Taylor, Eric. Front-Line Nurse: British Nurses in World War II. Robert Hale, 1998.
Account drawing on firsthand chronicles from diaries, letters, and interviews with former nurses. [Available at Amazon.com]
Thompson, Dorothy Davis. The Road Back: A Pacific POW's Liberation Story. Texas Tech University Press, 1996.
Memoir of a civilian nurse interned in the Philippines who joined the Army Nurse Corps and returned with the liberation forces. [Available at Amazon.com]
Tomblin, Barbara B. "Beyond Paradise: The U.S. Navy Nurse Corps in the Pacific in World War II." Minerva (Summer 1993): 33-53.
 Tomblin, Barbara B. G.I. Nightingales: The Army Nurse Corps in World War II. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1996.
Comprehensive account of the army nurses who served during the war, under all sorts of difficult conditions. [Available at Amazon.com]
U.S. Army Nurse Corps. The Army Nurse. Washington, D.C.: Author, 1944.
Wandrey, June. Bedpan Commando: The Story of a Combat Nurse During World War II. Wandrey Books, 1990.
Wartime recollections of a nurse assigned to a field hospital. [Available at Amazon.com]
Willever, Heather, and John Parascandola. "PHS Chronicles: The Cadet Nurse Corps, 1943-48." Public Health Reports 109, no. 3 (May-June 1994): 455-57.
World War II Flight Nurses Association. The Story of Air Evacuation, 1942-1989. Dallas: Taylor, 1989.
Movies
Two notable movies about army nurses were made during World War II: So Proudly We Hail and Cry Havoc. Another, entitled Parachute Nurse, was a much lesser effort. A later movie about World War II army nurses who became POWs was entitled Women of Valor.
Parachute Nurse, 1942, starring Marguerite Chapman, William Wright, Kay Harris, Lauretta M. Schimmoler, and Louise Allbritton. Directed by Charles Barton, 65 minutes, B&W.
The story involves a group of nurses who undergo parachute jump training so they can reach wounded soldiers in combat areas. Forrest Tucker appears in a small role.
 So Proudly We Hail, 1943, starring Claudette Colbert, Paulette Goddard, Veronica Lake, George Reeves, Barbara Britton, Walter Abel, and Sonny Tufts. Directed by Mark Sandrich, 126 minutes, B&W.
Claudette Colbert heads the top-notch cast as Lieutenant Janet Davidson, in charge of nine army nurses who serve courageously in the Pacific in the early days of the war, enduring hardships and heartaches. Colbert is the level-headed leader who reluctantly finds herself falling in love with a wounded soldier (George Reeves, who later played Superman in the TV series); Paulette Goddard is flighty, flirty, feminine, and fun-loving; and Veronica Lake, secretive and aloof, is harboring a burning desire for revenge against the Japanese enemy. Nominated for four Academy Awards (including one for Goddard as Best Supporting Actress), So Proudly We Hail is based on the true-life experiences of the American nurses who served on Bataan and is dedicated to them. [Available at Amazon.com]
Cry Havoc, 1943, starring Margaret Sullavan, Ann Sothern, Fay Bainter, Joan Blondell, Marsha Hunt, Ella Raines, Frances Gifford, Diana Lewis, Heather Angel, and Connie Gilchrist. Directed by Richard Thorpe, 97 minutes, B&W.
This movie, released the same year, also deals with the plight of army nurses on Bataan. Here, Margaret Sullavan stars as army nurse Lieutenant Smith, the self-sacrificing leader of a band of civilian volunteers recruited to help out as nurse's aides. The movie was based on Allan Kenward's play, Proof Through the Night, and seems somewhat stagy. It is not as well done as So Proudly We Hail, but the picture is still quite interesting for the character studies it offers as a group of diverse women pull together for a common cause, revealing their hidden reserves of courage and bravery. Robert Mitchum appears in a bit part.
 Women of Valor, 1986 (made for TV), starring Susan Sarandon, Kristy McNichol, Alberta Watson, Valerie Mahaffey, Suzanne Lederer, Patrick Bishop, Terry O'Quinn, and Neva Patterson. Directed by Buzz Kulik, 100 minutes, color.
Susan Sarandon stars as Maggie Jessup in this old-fashioned film about U.S. Army nurses at a jungle hospital in the Philippines. They are taken prisoner by the Japanese during World War II, and endure three years of disease, starvation, and torture in a POW camp whose Japanese commander, played by Patrick Bishop, is part American. [Available at Amazon.com]
For more information about combat movies, see War and War-Era Movies from the University of California at Berkeley Media Resources Center. Also, Military Aviation Movie List provides an annotated listing.
See also the following printed materials:
Baker, Melva Joyce. Images of Women in Film: The War Years, 1941-1945. Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, 1980.
"The Girls of War: Rare Combat Classic Gave Women a Fighting Chance." American Movie Classics Magazine, September 1995, p. 7.
Kalisch, Philip A., and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "When Nurses Were National Heroines: Images of Nursing in American Film, 1942-1945." Nursing Forum 20, no. 1 (1981): 14-61.
Koppes, Clayton R., and Gregory D. Black. Hollywood Goes to War: How Politics, Profits, and Propaganda Shaped World War II Movies. New York: Free Press, 1987.
Landrum, Larry, and Christine Eynon. "World War II in the Movies: A Selected Bibliography of Sources." Journal of Popular Film 1 (Spring 1972): 147-53.
Lant, Antonia. Blackout: Reinventing Women for Wartime British Cinema. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. [Available at Amazon.com]
Renov, Michael. Hollywood's Wartime Woman: Representation and Ideology. Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, 1988. [Available at Amazon.com]
Some other movies featuring nurses in wartime are:
World War I
War Nurse, 1930, starring Robert Montgomery, Robert Ames, June Walker, Anita Page, and ZaSu Pitts. Directed by Edgar Selwyn, 79 minutes, B&W.
A Farewell to Arms, 1932, starring Helen Hayes, Gary Cooper, Adolphe Menjou, Mary Philips, Jack LaRue, and Blanche Frederici. Directed by Frank Borzage, 78 minutes, B&W. [Available at Amazon.com]
Nurse Edith Cavell, 1939, starring Anna Neagle, Edna May Oliver, George Sanders, ZaSu Pitts, May Robson, H. B. Warner, and Robert Coote. Directed by Herbert Wilcox, 108 minutes, B&W.
A Farewell to Arms, 1957, starring Rock Hudson, Jennifer Jones, Vittorio De Sica, Alberto Sordi, Mercedes McCambridge, Elaine Stritch, and Oscar Homolka. Directed by Charles Vidor, 152 minutes, color. Remake of the 1932 film. [Available at Amazon.com]
Korean War
 Flight Nurse, 1954, starring Joan Leslie, Forrest Tucker, Jeff Donnell, Arthur Franz, and Ben Cooper. Directed by Allan Dwan, 90 minutes, B&W.
Battle Flame, 1959, starring Scott Brady, Elaine Edwards, Robert Blake, Gordon Jones, Wayne Heffley, and Richard Harrison. Directed by R. G. Springsteen, 78 minutes, B&W.
Vietnam War
Purple Hearts, 1984, starring Cheryl Ladd, Ken Wahl, Stephen Lee, David Harris, Lane Smith, Annie McEnroe, Paul McCrane, James Whitmore, Jr., and Lee Ermey. Directed by Sidney J. Furie, 115 minutes, color. [Available at Amazon.com]
Related Web Sites
Numerous Web sites offer a wealth of information and background reading about the contributions of nurses and other women during wartime, both in the military and in civilian life, at home and abroad. The section provides a selection of fascinating pages to visit.
Nurses in World War II
Nurses on Bataan
Some information about the nurses who were taken prisoners of war by the Japanese on Bataan. This is part of the H-Minerva Home Page, devoted to the study of women in the military and women and war, worldwide and in all historical eras.
American Women and the Military: World War II
Examination of the role of women in the U.S. armed forces in World War II, especially the army and navy nurses. The page also discusses the nurses who became prisoners of war. This is part of a larger article, American Women and the Military, offering a historical overview of military women, from the eighteenth century to the present.
Elizabeth Hillman, World War II Army Nurse
Excerpt from an intriguing interview with Sister Elizabeth Hillmann, R.C., who served as an army nurse in England and France around the time of the Normandy invasion and afterward, then returned home and found a religious vocation; she's been a religious for fifty years.
A Psychiatric Nurse in the Philippines
Reminiscences of Lucile Spooner Votta, a World War II nurse. Similar to the incident in Flight Nurse when Cherry Ames and the other nurses fashion a wedding gown from a bedsheet, the army nurse interviewed here recalls a wedding in which the bride's gown was made from a parachute. This is part of an engrossing, very well-done site, What Did You Do in the War, Grandma? an oral history of Rhode Island women who share their varied World War II experiences at home and abroad.
Ruth Erickson, NC, USN
Excerpt from the oral history of Lieutenant Ruth Erickson of the United States Navy, who was a nurse at the naval hospital at Pearl Harbor during the attack on December 7, 1941.
Ann Bernatitus, NC, USN
Recollections of former Navy nurse Ann Bernatitus, who was evacuated from Corregidor and served during the Okinawa campaign.
Women's Roles in World War II
Women in the Army Air Force
A review of the contributions of women in the air during WWII, including a brief mention of the work of flight nurses.
WASP WWII Home Page
All about the Women Airforce Service Pilots, volunteers who flew noncombat missions during the war.
Women's Land Army
About the recruitment of women of all ages to participate in Emergency Farm Labor Service during World War II. This is part of a larger site entitled Fighters on the Farm Front, about Oregon's Emergency Farm Labor Service from 1943 to 1957, an online exhibit from the Oregon State University Archives.
Frances Payne Bolton
Biographical sketch of the congresswoman who proposed the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps.
Women Come to the Front
A Library of Congress online exhibition about female journalists, photographers, and broadcasters on the front lines during World War II,
Amy Elizabeth Thorpe
Article about a World War II version of Mata Hari--a spy for British intelligence.
World War II Propaganda
Savages, Swines, and Buffoons
Article about "the characterizations of the enemy presented to Americans in the feature-length war films Hollywood produced between 1941 and 1946."
General Sites About World War II
World War II
Includes a variety of documents relating to the war.
World War II
Online articles from the current issue of World War II magazine; articles from previous issues can be accessed from the archive .
WWII Bibliography
An extensive list of books and articles about World War II, divided into categories, including two categories specifically about women.
Women in the Military
Military Woman
General site for women in the military to share information.
Women in Other Wars
Crimean War
American Civil War
Spanish-American War
World War I
Vietnam War
The Cherry Ames Page wishes to thank Jason Baker for providing the movie poster illustration for Flight Nurse.
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